Lev 26:3-4 — Conditional

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Jason Hare
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Lev 26:3-4 — Conditional

Post by Jason Hare »

Leviticus 26:3-4
אִם־בְּחֻקֹּתַ֖י תֵּלֵ֑כוּ
וְאֶת־מִצְוֺתַ֣י תִּשְׁמְר֔וּ וַֽעֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם אֹתָֽם׃
 וְנָֽתַתִּ֥י גִשְׁמֵיכֶ֖ם בְּעִתָּ֑ם
 וְנָֽתְנָ֤ה הָאָ֨רֶץ֙ יְבוּלָ֔הּ
 וְעֵ֥ץ הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה יִתֵּ֥ן פִּרְיֽוֹ׃
The protasis is written as: ʾim yiqtol wə+X yiqtol wə-qatal.
The apodosis is written as: wə-qatal wə-qatal wə-X yiqtol.


Anything you find surprising or interesting?
Jason Hare
Tel Aviv, Israel
The Hebrew Café
יוֹדֵ֣עַ צַ֭דִּיק נֶ֣פֶשׁ בְּהֶמְתּ֑וֹ וְֽרַחֲמֵ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים אַכְזָרִֽי׃
ספר משלי י״ב, י׳
kwrandolph
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Re: Lev 26:3-4 — Conditional

Post by kwrandolph »

I see no problem with that passage. It’s perfectly good Biblical Hebrew syntax according to Biblical Hebrew uses of the conjugations.

Karl W. Randolph.
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Jason Hare
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Re: Lev 26:3-4 — Conditional

Post by Jason Hare »

kwrandolph wrote: Thu May 25, 2023 10:46 pm I see no problem with that passage. It’s perfectly good Biblical Hebrew syntax according to Biblical Hebrew uses of the conjugations.

Karl W. Randolph.
I didn’t say it was problematic. I was asking if anyone had any comments about the structure. It is obviously perfectly good biblical Hebrew. If you’ve studied conditional forms in Greek, you know that tenses are influenced by what type of conditional the author is using (future more vivid, future less vivid, past counterfactual, present counterfactual, etc.). What can we say about conditional forms in Hebrew? Do they vary? What would this particular form represent?
Jason Hare
Tel Aviv, Israel
The Hebrew Café
יוֹדֵ֣עַ צַ֭דִּיק נֶ֣פֶשׁ בְּהֶמְתּ֑וֹ וְֽרַחֲמֵ֥י רְ֝שָׁעִ֗ים אַכְזָרִֽי׃
ספר משלי י״ב, י׳
kwrandolph
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Re: Lev 26:3-4 — Conditional

Post by kwrandolph »

Maybe the best way to show the uses is to translate:

If you should go in my precepts
and you should watch my commands that you do them
then I will give your rains in their time
and the land will give its produce
and expect the tree of the field will give its fruit.

The first two Yiqtols are subjunctive, the final one points to expectation. The Qatals are nominative. The Waws have a wider range than just “and”.

Karl W. Randolph.
Mike Atnip
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Joined: Sun Apr 10, 2022 9:12 am

Re: Lev 26:3-4 — Conditional

Post by Mike Atnip »

If you’ve studied conditional forms in Greek, you know that tenses are influenced by what type of conditional the author is using (future more vivid, future less vivid, past counterfactual, present counterfactual, etc.).
So where do I find resources that talk about this? I am totally unfamiliar with "future more vivid, less vivid, etc."
Mike Atnip
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