Questions regarding the tiphael verb form

[Jason Hare]

I see now:

הֲתִֽמְלֹ֔ךְ כִּ֥י אַתָּ֖ה מְתַֽחֲרֶ֣ה בָאָ֑רֶז אָבִ֜יךָ הֲל֧וֹא אָכַ֣ל וְשָׁתָ֗ה וְעָשָׂ֤ה מִשְׁפָּט֙ וּצְדָקָ֔ה אָ֖ז ט֥וֹב לֽוֹ׃

[ducky]

both mith'are and metaha're come from root חרה.

the first is Hitpa'el.
the second is hitaphel/tiphel (two opinions).

but not Pi'el.

[Jason Hare]

both mith'are and metaha're come from root חרה.

the first is Hitpa'el.
the second is hitaphel/tiphel (two opinions).

but not Pi'el.

At least in Israel, we consider this piel with an appended root. I don't know this root specifically, but consider the following:

דֶּ֫לֶק "gas, petrol"
לְתַדְלֵק "to pump gas"

We consider it to be piel with an appended tav at the beginning of the root.

קֶ֫שֶר "knot, connection"
לְתַקְשֵׁר "to communicate"

זֶ֫כֶר "memory"
לְתַזְכֵּר "to remind"

לְתַכְנֵת "to program" (computers)

We take these tav-prefixed roots and classify them as piel verb forms. This looks like what we are seeing with לְתַחֲרוֹת. This specific form isn't used in modern Hebrew, and I wasn't aware of it, but it fits this pattern.

[Jason Hare]

In this image, you can see that the Even-Shoshan dictionary labels this verb as piel. It also says that it is related to "compete."

Sketch.png

[ducky]

Yes.

but these have another form.

לתדלק is not like להתחרות
this one is Pi'el and the other is Hitpa'el.
notice the H letter in להתחרות which doesn't exist in לתדלק.

ֵModern Hebrew does not use this מתחרה in the form that is found in Jer.
You can also see that it is even rare in the Bible.

But if you check a modern dictionary, it might put this form under root תחרה because the "T form" conjugations are not used, and the dictionary maybe tries to make it easy for its user.
(I will check it later)

[ducky]

Okay, I see you already checked it.

[Jason Hare]

But if you check a modern dictionary, it might put this form under root תחרה because the "T form" conjugations are not used, and the dictionary maybe tries to make it easy for its user.
(I will check it later)

I think you'll notice that I wasn't referring to לְהִתְחָרוֹת.
I was referring to לְתַחֲרוֹת.

It should indeed be read in analogy to לְתַדְלֵק and the rest (that have a tav prefixed to the root).

הוּא תִּדְלֵק בַּדֶּ֫רֶךְ הַבַּ֫יְתָה. "He got gas on his way home."
הוּא לֹא מְתַקְשֵׁר טוֹב. "He doesn't communicate well."
הַמַּצָּב מַמָּשׁ מְתַסְכֵּל. "The situation is really frustrating."

All of these words have a tav prefixed to the root. This is the same as affixing the tav to the root חרה and getting מְתַחֲרֶה and the infinitive לְתַחֲרוֹת. It only looks different because the ל״ה verb takes ־וֹת in the infinitive.

[ducky]

Yes

No one uses this תחרה, it is just written in the dictionary under Pi'el for comfort.
but its real form is what I wrote above

[Jason Hare]

Oh, just wanted to add this word that came to mind:

תִּפְעוּל "operations"
לְתַפְעֵל "to operate"
הוּא מְתַפְעֵל אֶת הַנֶּ֫שֶׁק כּמוֹ חַיָּיל מְיוּמָּן. "He operates the weapon like a seasoned soldier."
אֲנִי עוֹבֵד בְּתִפְעוּל. "I work in operations."

[Isaac Fried]

Jason Hare says
In this image, you can see that the Even-Shoshan dictionary labels this verb as piel. It also says that it is related to "compete."
In
תִּחֲרָה = את-היא-חרה
the PP את-היא is for the performer of the act חרה doing it for himself. One may call it "piel" if one so desires.

Isaac Fried, Boston University