2 Samuel 22 - Psalm 18

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Saboi

2 Samuel 22 - Psalm 18

Post by Saboi »

They are six versions of Psalm 18 in the Dead Sea Scrolls so must have being the most popular
psalm and it is also present in 2 Samuel 22.

2 Samuel 22:11
And he rode upon a cherub, and did fly: and he was seen upon the wings of the wind
וירכב על־כרוב ויעף וירא על־כנפי־רוח
καὶ ἐπεκάθισεν ἐπὶ Χερουβιν καὶ ἐπετάσθη καὶ ὤφθη ἐπὶ πτερύγων ἀνέμου

Psalms 18:10
And he rode upon a cherub, and did fly: yea, he did fly upon the wings of the wind.
וירכב על־כרוב ויעף וידא על־כנפי־רוח
καὶ ἐπέβη ἐπὶ χερουβιν καὶ ἐπετάσθη ἐπετάσθη ἐπὶ πτερύγων ἀνέμ

The copyists have strugged with ידא/ ירא and it is fairly common for scribes to misread ד/ר

-cognitive Septuagint readings-
ירא - ὁράω ( ὤφθη 3rd sg aor ind pass)
ידא - πετά (ἐπετάσθη verb 3rd sg aor ind pass)

ידא is the correct reading for the word דאח, cognate of θοάζω "move quickly, fly rapidly"
that describes wings in Greek poetry.

-Hebrew/Greek-
רכב - τρέχῃ
כרב - κῆρυξ
עף - ὕψη
דאח - θοός
כנפ - κνέφας
רוח - ῥύη
Saboi

Re: 2 Samuel 22 - Psalm 18

Post by Saboi »

2 Samuel 22:16
ויראו אפקי ים יגלו
καὶ ὤφθησαν ἀφέσεις θαλάσση καὶ ἀπεκαλύφθη

Psalm 18:15
ויראו אפיקי מים ויגלו
καὶ ὤφθησαν αἱ πηγαὶ τῶν ὑδάτων καὶ ἀνεκαλύφθη

ἄφεσις - letting go, emission, release
πηγαὶ - spring, gush forth, running water
א־פקי : αἱ־πηγαὶ

ים - Sea
מים - Water

אפקי : ἀφέσεις

The word ἄφεσις is חפשה (chaphash) " to be free" and describes the fabric for horse riding in Eze 27:20
then the word came from ἵππιος (Ippios) "of a horse" and אפק/πηγαὶ is the root word for Πήγασος (Pegasus)
the winged-horse, a common Phoenician symbol .

Winged Sea Horse
Image
Saboi

Re: 2 Samuel 22 - Psalm 18

Post by Saboi »

2 Samuel 22:15
וישלח חצים ויפיצם ברק ויהמם
καὶ ἀπέστειλεν βέλη καὶ ἐσκόρπισεν αὐτούς ἀστραπὴν καὶ ἐξέστησεν αὐτούς

Psalm 18:14
וישלח חציו ויפיצם וברקים רב ויהמם
καὶ ἐξαπέστειλεν βέλη καὶ ἐσκόρπισεν αὐτοὺς καὶ ἀστραπὰς ἐπλήθυνεν καὶ συνετάραξεν αὐτούς

ישלח
- ἐξαπέστειλεν "Dispatch"
- ἀπέστειλεν "send off"
The words are identical in meaning and these words are compounds of στελέω. ש־ל־ח/στ־λ־έ

חצים/חציו
-βέλη "arrows
The two versions have different ending ים/יו and the Greek cognate is ὀιστός "arrow"
חצים=οἰστόν
חציו =οἰστῶν

יפיצ
-ἐσκόρπισεν "scatter, disperse"
cognate : φύζω "flee, take flight"

ברקים/ברק
-ἀστραπήν "lighten, hurl lightnings"
-ἀστραπάς "flash of lightning, lightning"
cognate : φλόξ , ברקים/φλέγον

המם
-ἐξέστησεν "displace"
-συνετάραξεν "throw into confusion"
-ὄνομαι "scorn"
Saboi

Re: 2 Samuel 22 - Psalm 18

Post by Saboi »

2 Samuel 22:8
ותגעש ותרעש הארץ מוסדות השמים ירגזו ויתגעשו כי־חרה לו
καὶ ἐταράχθη καὶ ἐσείσθη ἡ γῆ καὶ τὰ θεμέλια τοῦ οὐρανοῦ συνεταράχθησαν καὶ ἐσπαράχθησαν ὅτι ἐθυμώθη κύριος αὐτοῖς

Psalm 18:7
ותגעש ותרעש הארץ ומוסדי הרים ירגזו ויתגעשו כי־חרה לו
καὶ ἐσαλεύθη καὶ ἔντρομος ἐγενήθη ἡ γῆ καὶ τὰ θεμέλια τῶν ὀρέων ἐταράχθησαν καὶ ἐσαλεύθησαν ὅτι ὠργίσθη αὐτοῖς ὁ θεός

רגז (Ragaz) = ῥύαξ (Ruak) " mountain torrent"
געש (Gash) = χάσμ (Chasm) "yawning chasm"

מוסדות - describes mountains
- Deuteronomy 23:22 - תלהט מוסדי הרים : φλέξει θεμέλια ὀρέων
- κτισμός / יסד / κτίσω
- מוסד = Mons *compare Welsh mynydd - cognate of Mountain
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