Question on 1 Sam 3:6

[Glenn Dean]

Hi:

I got stuck on the first word in the verse, namely וַיֹּסֶף . It is Hiphil imperfect, but where did the hireq-yod go (i.e. I was expecting וַיֹּסִיף )

Thanxs!

Glenn

[Jason Hare]

Hi:

I got stuck on the first word in the verse, namely וַיֹּסֶף . It is Hiphil imperfect, but where did the hireq-yod go (i.e. I was expecting וַיֹּסִיף )

Thanxs!

Glenn

When the accent shifts, the vowel shortens.

יָשִׂים > וַיָּ֫שֶׂם
יוֹסִיף > וַיּ֫וֹסֶף
יָקִים > וַיָּ֫קֶם

It's really common, and it's similar to how וּ û > ‏ָ o in other weak verbs.

יָקוּם > וַיָּ֫קָם (that is, vayyā́qom)
יָמוּת > וַיָּ֫מָת (that is, vayyā́moṯ)

It's part of how the vav-consecutive works.

[Glenn Dean]

thanxs Jason!! I didn't even notice the accent shifted to the previous syllable (so now it makes sense - thanxs for pointing that out)

Glenn

[Glenn Dean]

On the word, in verse 6, וַיָּקָם, that's a "qamets hatuf"? That is, the transliteration is "vay - yā - qom"

Glenn

[ducky]

Yes.

Also, notice the same principle in the word וילך in the same verse.
Starts with a big vowel (Tsere), and ends with a small vowel (Segol).
(Just like in ויקם).

[Glenn Dean]

Thanxs Ducky for the confirmation!

I wonder if I'm "misunderstanding" the transliteration BibleHub gives for some of the words (https://biblehub.com/interlinear/1_samuel/3.htm).

They transliterate the word as "way - yā - qām" (I thought "ā" is used for qamets, "a" is used for pathach, "ō" is for holem, while "o" is used for qamets hatuf, so it seems their saying the final syllable has a qamets).

Similarly, for the word you just mentioned, וַיֵּלֶךְ , they transliterate as "way - yê - leḵ" (but I would transliterate as "vay - yē - leḵ" (I thought ê was used for the vowel letters tsere-yod or seghol-yod or tsere-hey or seghol-hey).

Glenn

[ducky]

Hi Glenn

I don't know BibleHub (never used it) so I don't know their way for giving the signs to the vowels.

Maybe you can find a page on that site that clarifies their way.

[Glenn Dean]

that's a good idea Ducky - they've got to have a place on their site that explains how they transliterate (LOL - "all I've got to do" is find it)

Glenn

[Jason Hare]

It's certainly not ā in the last syllable of וַיָּקָם. If that's what that site says, it's wrong without doubt.

[Glenn Dean]

I was doing so well going from verse 2:32 to 3:5, but 3:6 tons of trouble.

On the final word שְׁכָב, I was expecting שְׁכֹב for the imperative 2ms, so why the qamets on the middle root consonant?

I was looking at the imperfect 2ms of this verb, and it too doesn't have a holem on the middle root consonant. This is a strong verb too!

I did notice the metheg to the left of the qamets (which "reinforces" that this is a qamets)

Glenn