Music words

For discussions which focus upon specific words, their origin, meaning, relationship to other ANE languages.
Forum rules
Members will observe the rules for respectful discourse at all times!
Please sign all posts with your first and last (family) name.
Post Reply
Saboi

Music words

Post by Saboi »

Genesis 4:20
Adah bare Jabal: he was the father of such as dwell in tents(אהל) and of such as have cattle.
His brother's name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ.

There is poetry between the words אהל & יבל & ובל, the Lexicon is not helpful here, it roots אהל 'Tent'
from a word meaning 'Shine' and there is no connection made between אהל & יבל or music & tents.

αὐλίς - Tent
αὐλός - Pipe, flute, clarinet
αὐλή - Steading for cattle, home of dwellers in the wild, open court (אבל)

The words are commonly prefixes.
αὔλημα = מעלות - Piece of music for the flute (Psalm 121:1)
αὖλιν = מעלות - grotto (2 Chronicles 32:1)
αὐλίς = אהלה - Tent
αὐλός = חליל - Pipe (ל/ς - terminals)
ἐπαύλων = בחללים - accompany on the flute (1 Kings 1:40)
ἐνόπλιον - מחללים - martial' rhythm (1 Kings 1:40)
ἔναυλος- נחילות - by means of pipes, accompanied by pipes (Psalm 5:1)

-Music-
נבל/νάβλας - musical instrument of ten or twelve strings
תף/τύπανον - Drum (τύπτω - beat)
מחלת/μάγαδις - Lydian flute, an instrument with twenty strings arranged in octaves (Psalm 53:1)
חליל/αὐλός - Pipe
מזמור/ὑμνάριον - hymn, ode, in praise (Psalm 3:1)
מלה/μελῳδία - singing, chanting, melody (Job 30:9)
כנור/φοίνῖκος - a musical instrument, like a guitar, so called because made from the Delian palm
סלה/ψῆλαι - pluck, twine, play a stringed instrument with the fingers,
קיתרוס/κιθάρας - Lyre
חצצרות/τίτυρος - Shepherds Pipe
נצח/ἡγεμών - leader of the Chorus, ἐπαείδω 'sing too'
קרנא/μουσικό κέρας - Musical horn
משא/μοῦσα - Music, song
עוגב/ὀργάνῳ - Organ
זמר/ψαλμός - .twitching or twanging with the fingers, of strings, psalms
נגנים/ἄειδον, ᾆσμα - to be filled with song
חוּל/χορεύω - Dance, Choreography
שיר/ᾠδός - Singer
עז/ᾠδή, μοῦσα - song
משכיל/μουσικός - Musical
סומפניה/συμφωνίας - Symphony
משרוקיתא, שרוק - συρίγγων, σῦριγξ - shepherd's pipe, Panspipe
שבכא/σαμβύκης - a triangular musical instrument with four strings
פסנתרין/ψαλτήριον - stringed instrument, psaltery, harp
Saboi

Re: Music words

Post by Saboi »

Genesis 4:20 ( בל/ὐλ, הֵד,הֻיְּדוֹת/ἁδύς, עדה )
Adah bare Jabal: he was the father of such as dwell in tents(אהל) and of such as have cattle
His brother's name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and organ.
22. צלה/ χαλκῆ 'cymbal' ( κύμβαλον/βαλονκύμ, תובל קין, κύμβος φοίνικος, Σκύλλαν αὐλεῖν ( many etendre)

All these instruments where imported by Phoenician merchants into Ancient Judea-Israel, from the blacksmiths cultures of the west, Italy(עדה) and Sicily(צלה), the name Tubal from δίαυλος 'double-pipe' from 'στενός δίαυλον' is a name of the narrow channel between Sicily and Italy where the dreadful Charybdis( Χάρυβδις(/כרוב) lurk, known today as the straits of Messina.
Isaac Fried
Posts: 1783
Joined: Sat Sep 28, 2013 8:32 pm

Re: Music words

Post by Isaac Fried »

1. A Hebrew word does not "come" from another Hebrew word. Hebrew Words are connected by a common root. אהל, ‘tent’, is tall and covers and includes its dwellers, and so does a flood of light. The letter ל L in the root אהל is for ‘elevated’.
2. חליל, ‘flute’, is from the root חלל a variant of the Hebrew roots גלל, חלל, כלל, קלל, ‘include, envelope’, the flute is a tube enclosing a vibrating air passage. חוּל, ‘dance’, is to move in unison, included כלוּל in a circle of fellow dancers.
3. נבל NEBEL, ‘harp’ (of which is the mathematical symbol Nabla), is a big and tall instrument; this root too has an ל L in it.

Isaac Fried, Boston University
Isaac Fried
Posts: 1783
Joined: Sat Sep 28, 2013 8:32 pm

Re: Music words

Post by Isaac Fried »

שרק $RQ, 'whistle', is a variant of
זרק, טרק, ירק, סרק, שרק
of the common meaning 'throw, hurl, propel', here said for air to produce a screeching sound.

Isaac Fried, Boston University
Saboi

Re: Music words

Post by Saboi »

The ל at the end of Hebrew words are often terminals, ל flipped upside down is ς
for example the word. (a) בעל → ζυγός (b) בעל → πόσις.

שרק → χάραξ
a. vine-prop, pole
b. pale, used in fortifying the entrenchments of a camp
c vine-tendrils or clusters (h8291)

שרק → σριγξ
a. shepherd's pipe, Panspipe
b. mouthpiece of the flute
c. hole in the nave of a wheel
d. cat-call, whistle, hiss, as in theatres, because it imitated the dying hisses of the serpent Python
e. a duct or channel in the body, in pl. the nostrils

נבל
This is a musical instrument of ten or nine strings, in fact the word 'Guitar' derives from עשר "Ten"
with the guttural Ayin. ע-ש-ר → g-t-r → Guitar. (cf. יתר)

Psalm 33:2
Praise the LORD with harp: sing unto him with the psaltery and an instrument of ten strings.
הודו ליהוה בכנור בנבל עשור זמרו־לו׃

In this verse, נבל is translated as ψαλτηρίῳ (Psaltery), the n in נבל is a prefix and בל is ψαλῶ "pluck, twitch, pull' (סלה)
and כנור is κιθάρᾳ (יתר, עשר, Ἀγήνωρ). ע-שור → δεκα-χόρδῳ - δεκα (Ten) + χορδή (Chords).
Saboi

Re: Music words

Post by Saboi »

Herodotus 1:24
They say that this Arion (Ἀρίονα) , wished to sail to Italy and Sicily
Arion, putting on all his regalia and taking his lyre (κιθάρᾳ), stood up on the half-deck and sang the “Stirring Song" and when the song was finished he threw himself into the sea, as he was with all his regalia .. but a dolphin (so the story goes) took Arion on his back and bore him to Taenarus

Stirring Song - ὄρθιος νόμος was a high-pitched (and apparently very well-known) song or hymn in honor of Apollo

This is the story of Jonah.
Ἀρ-ίονα → אל־יונהיונה

I wouldn't be surprised if that lost Hymn of Apollo is one of the Psalms.

Herodotus 1:23 : Ariona of Methymna → Jonah the son of Amittai
The author of Jonah reveals his full name in Jonah 1:1 "אליונה" (Aliona > Ariona)
Saboi

Re: Music words

Post by Saboi »

Herodotus 1:23
This Arion was a lyre-player second to none in that age; he was the first man whom we know to compose and name the dithyramb

διθύραμβος (Dithyrambos)
A kind of lyric poetry, its proper subject was the birth of Bacchus (בכות)
said to be from λῦθι ῥάμμα, the cry of Bacchus when sewn up in his father's thigh (John 1:8)
derivation unknown
https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dithyramb

The word contains יתר and עבת and thus a complete word is created.

יתרעבת > διθύραβος > διθύραμβος

עבת (aboth) 'cord, rope, cordage, foliage, interwoven foliage"
- ἅπτω "fasten, Join,
- ἅμμα 'anything tied, cord'

יתר
- ἰατήρ, ἰατρός, ἰητρός 'one who heals, name of Apollo'
- ἕτερος, -τέρος 'in addition too (Isaiah 56:12 - גדול יתר מאד > μεγαλώτερος )
- πάσσαλος 'peg, stake, wooden nail or pin, peg, used to hang things upon, as the harp
Isaac Fried
Posts: 1783
Joined: Sat Sep 28, 2013 8:32 pm

Re: Music words

Post by Isaac Fried »

"The ל at the end of Hebrew words are often terminals, ל flipped upside down is ς
for example the word. (a) בעל → ζυγός (b) בעל → πόσις."
It is not clear to me what is a "terminal" and what function does it have.

Isaac Fried, Boston University
Saboi

Re: Music words

Post by Saboi »

היכל
The ל in this word is a terminal and the root is בית but the terminal ל came from the ς in οἰκός and בית is a root form of ϝοἰκός

היכל = οἰκός

This is why Hannibal, a Phoenician and one of the greatest military commanders in history is called Hannibas in Greek and Latin.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hannibal
Post Reply